The coho salmon, scientifically known as Oncorhynchus kisutch, is a popular species among sport fishermen in Quebec due to its fighting spirit and aggressiveness. This fish is valued for its ability to provide an exciting fight when caught, often jumping out of the water and making fast runs. Primarily distributed in the rivers and coastal lakes of Quebec, the coho salmon is also introduced in some water bodies to support recreational fishing. Its main appeal lies in the quality of its flesh and the challenge it presents during sport fishing.

The coho salmon is distinguished by its streamlined and elongated body, covered with silver scales that give it a metallic appearance. During the spawning period, its body color changes, adopting darker shades with hues of red and pink, particularly pronounced in males. Its mouth is relatively large, with a slightly elongated lower jaw. The dorsal and anal fins are well developed, while the caudal fin is slightly forked. Young cohos, called tacon, display vertical markings on their sides that fade as they grow. Males during spawning develop a hook on the lower jaw, called a kype, which is absent in females.

In Quebec, the coho salmon is primarily found in the coastal rivers of the Côte-Nord and Gaspésie, where it ascends to spawn. Although less abundant than the Atlantic salmon, its presence is supported by reintroduction programs in certain watersheds, notably in the Matane and Rimouski rivers. It is also found in some lakes where it has been introduced for sport fishing. Its distribution is limited to areas where temperature and water quality conditions are optimal for its development.

The coho salmon prefers cold, well-oxygenated waters of rivers and lakes. It is often found in streams with moderate to fast currents, with gravel or pebble bottoms that are ideal for spawning. In lakes, it frequents deep areas during summer to avoid high temperatures. Structures such as submerged trees and rocks provide shelter and hunting opportunities for this active predator. Anglers should target confluence areas, ledges, and deep pools to maximize their chances of success.

The life cycle of the coho salmon begins with spawning, which typically occurs in the fall. Females dig nests called 'redds' in the gravel, where they lay their eggs. The fry emerge in spring and generally spend one to two years in the river before migrating to the ocean. After reaching sexual maturity at two to three years of age, adults return to their natal river to spawn. Most coho salmon die after spawning, although a few may survive for another breeding season. Spring: Fry emergence → Summer: River growth → Fall: Spawning → Winter: Post-spawning death or rare survival.

The coho salmon is a social fish, especially in the juvenile phase, where it forms schools to protect itself from predators. As it grows, it becomes more territorial, especially during spawning. Sensitive to changes in light and temperature, it is more active at dawn and dusk. Cohos can be alerted by noise and sudden movements, requiring a stealthy approach for fishing. Weather conditions also influence their behavior, with increased activity during overcast or rainy weather.

The diet of the coho salmon varies depending on its age. Fry primarily feed on zooplankton and small aquatic invertebrates. As they grow, their diet expands to include aquatic insects, small fish, and crustaceans. Adults, especially those in the ocean, feed on fish such as herring and anchovies, as well as squid. During the spawning period, their feeding decreases significantly as they devote their energy to reproduction.

The coho salmon is most active in spring and fall when water temperatures are cooler. In spring, cohos are often caught early in the morning or late in the afternoon. In summer, they take refuge in deeper waters to avoid the heat, while in fall, they return in numbers to the rivers to spawn. Anglers should aim for overcast or slightly rainy days, as these conditions increase fish activity. In winter, cohos are less active but can still be caught in areas where the water remains ice-free.

For coho salmon, silver and blue lures work well in clear waters and sunny weather, mimicking small fish. In murky water or overcast conditions, opt for bright colors like pink or red. Spoons and sinking lures are effective in deeper waters. Adjust the lure size to the size of the fish present in the water body.

To fish for coho salmon, a rod of 8 to 9 feet in length, with medium power and fast action, is recommended. Use a light or medium spinning reel, with a line of 10 to 15 lb. Hooks sized 4 to 1/0 are suitable, depending on the bait or lure used. A fluorocarbon leader of 15 to 20 lb can help increase discretion in clear water.

Handle the coho salmon carefully to avoid injury. Use a fine mesh net and keep the fish in the water as much as possible. For a successful release, ensure the fish is well oxygenated before letting it go. For photos, avoid squeezing the fish too much and support it well to minimize stress.

In Quebec, the natural predators of coho salmon include piscivorous birds such as the osprey and the great blue heron. In the water, larger fish like pike and muskellunge may prey on young coho salmon.

The coho salmon is often subject to conservation and management efforts in Quebec, aimed at maintaining viable populations. Regulations include catch limits and restricted fishing periods, especially during spawning. Catch and release is encouraged to preserve stocks.